-Most common complication of cataract surgery.
Lens Epithelial Cells → Migration → Proliferation → Differentiation
Two types of PCO:
1) FIBROUS:
Abnormal proliferation of LEC → presents as wrinkles and folds on the posterior capsule site at the fusion of anterior and posterior capsules
2) PROLIFERATIVE → Elsching’s Pearls
Elsching’s Pearls result from aberrant attempts by lens cells attached to the capsule to form new lens fibres
-Normally differentiated LEC that line the equatorial lens region migrate and proliferate between posterior capsule and the IOL.
-Clusters of residual LEC appear as round, clear pearls that shine on retro-illumination → Appearance of a bunch of grapes/ soap bubbles/ mass of fish eggs.
-Decreased visual acuity if they accumulate on visual axis.
HISTOLOGY:
-Large clear lens cells (bladder cells) are seen behind iris, pupillary space or both areas
TREATMENT:
-Nd:YAG Laser Capsulotomy
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